| ba jiao hui xiang 八角茴香 (in Engish and Chinese 中英對照) Edited by: Joe Hing kwok Chu Pharmaceutical name: 英文藥名﹕ | Fructus Illicii Veri | Botanical name: 學名﹕ | Illicium verum Hook. f. | Pron. in Japanese: 日語發音﹕ | toushikimi | Pron. in Korean: 韓語發音﹕ | parkak | Pron. in Cantonese: 粵音﹕ | baat3 gok3 wui4 hoeng1 (八角茴香); baat3 gok3 (八角) | Other Names: 別名﹕ | da hui xiang 大茴香，da liao 大料，wu xiang ba jiao 五香八角，po shang hui xiang 舶上茴香、po hui xiang 舶茴香、hui xiang ba jiao zhu 茴香八角珠、ba jiao xiang 八角香、ba jiao da hui 八角大茴、ba jiao 八角、yuan you hui 原油茴。 | Common Name: 英文普通名﹕ | Fructus Anisi stellati, star anise | Distribution: 產地﹕ | in Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan, Taiwan provinces of China, also in southeast Asia and India etc. 廣西、雲南、貴州、廣東，湖南，台灣與東南亞，印度等地。 | Properties (characteristics)﹕ 性味﹕ | acrid, warm. 辛，溫。 | Channels (meridians) entered: 歸經﹕ | liver, kidney, spleen, stomach. 歸肝，腎，脾，胃經。 | | Medical functions: 藥理﹕ | Antibiotic effect: it has a strong inhibiton effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, (Bacillus Subtilis, Vibro cholerae, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dys, and Escherichia coli, 抑菌試驗：八角茴香的乙醇提取物對金黃色葡萄球菌，肺炎球菌，白喉杆菌，枯草杆菌，霍亂弧菌，傷寒杆菌，副傷寒杆菌，痢疾杆菌，大腸杆菌及 常見致病性皮膚真菌均有強的抑制作用。 | Actions & Indications: 主治﹕ | being used in cold type of hernia, chronic lower back pain with shenxu (kidney deficient), vomiting due to coldness in stomach, pain and coldness in stomach. 溫陽散寒，理氣止痛。用於寒疝腹痛， 腎虛腰痛，胃寒嘔吐，脘腹冷痛。 | Chemical ingredients: 化學成份﹕ | The seed contains - evaporating oil about 4 to 9%. In general it contains about 5% and more of it in the skin of the seeds. The main evaporating oil is anethole (about 80 to 90%). Usually it separates itself when it is cold. The remainder are d-pinene, I--phellandrene, α-terpineol and small amount of safrole*, methyl chavicol.
- fat about 22% (mainly in seed)
- protein, resin, rubber etc.
- leaves contain: evaporating oil which consists of anethole, anisaldehyde etc.
*In one study, it mentioned the safrole was not found in Illicium verum but found in all toxic Illicium species, but not in Illicium verum.[2] 果實含揮發油4～9％，一般約為5％(果皮中較多)，脂肪油約22％(主存於種子中)及蛋白質，樹膠，樹脂等。揮發油中主要成份為茴香醚(anethole) 約80～90％，冷時常自油中析出，其餘為d－蒎烯 (d-pinene)，l－ 水芹烯 (I--phellandrene) ，α－萜品醇 (α-terpineol)及 少量黃樟醚 (safrole)** ，甲基胡椒酚(methyl chavicol)。葉含揮發油，油中含茴香醚 (anethole)，茴香醛 (anisaldehyde)等 **有研究报告說本品(Illicium verum)不含黃樟醚 (safrole)，但其他有毒的品種則含黃樟醚 [2]。 | Dosage: 用 量﹕ | 3～6g, 3~6 克。 | Samples of formulae: 處方舉例﹕ | Hernia: ba jiao hui xiang, xiao hui xiang 9 g each, ru xiang small amount. Boil with water. Use as tea. Cover the body to induce sweating. | Modern Research: 現代研究﹕ | | Toxicity & Cautions: 毒素與禁忌﹕ | Use with care in cases of yinxu (yin deficient) with heat. Sometime the Chinese star anise (Illicium verum) is adulterated with Japanese star anise (Illicium anisatum L) which can be toxic and may have side effects for infants. The side effects can include: signs of acute-onset irritability, jitteriness, clonus or myoclonus, increased deep tendon reflexes, nystagmus, vomiting, and seizures.[2] It is not advisable to use star anise on infants. 陰虛火 旺者慎服。 有時八角茴香 (Illicium verum)之商品可能混有日本産的八角茴香而對婴兒可能産生急性發作之煩躁不安，顫抖，抽筋或肌陣攣，增加深部肌腱反射，眼球震顫，嘔吐和癲癇。不應用之於婴兒。 |
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The following formulae will be translated on demand: 【附方】
①治小腸氣墜：八 角茴 香，小 茴香各三錢，乳 香少許。水(煎)服取汗。(《仁齋直指方》)
②治疝氣偏墜：八 角茴 香末一兩，小 茴香末一兩。用豬尿胞一個，連尿入二末於內，系定罐內，以酒煮爛，連胞搗丸如梧子大。每服五十丸，白湯下。(《衛生雜興》 )
③治腰重刺脹：八 角茴 香，炒，為末，食前酒服二錢。(《仁齋直指方》)
④治腰痛如刺：八 角茴 香(炒研)每服二錢，食前鹽湯下。外以糯米一，二升，炒熱，袋盛，拴於痛處。(《簡便單方》)
⑤治大小便皆秘，腹脹如鼓，氣促：大 麻子(炒，去殼)半兩，八 角茴 香七個。上作末，生蔥白三七個，同研煎湯，調五 苓散服。(《永類鈐方》)
⑥治風毒濕氣，攻疰成瘡，皮肉紫破膿壞，行步無力，皮肉焮熱：八 角茴 香(炒)，地 龍 (去土，炒)，川 烏(炮，去皮尖)，烏 藥(銼)，牽 牛子(炒)各一兩。 研杵勻細，酒煮糊為丸，如梧桐子大(如胡椒粒大小)。每服空心鹽湯下十五丸，日二。(《腳氣治法總要》茴香丸 )
註： 疰 zhù: 有灌注和久住之意,多指具有傳染性和病程長的慢性病,主要指勞瘵。如:疰忤(中醫病名 。猶中惡);疰夏(中醫學名詞。通常指夏季身倦、體熱、食少等症狀)【1】 【1】http://tw.18dao.net/%E9%A6%96%E9%A0%81 【2】http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/291/5/562
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