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mai ya 麥芽

 

by: Joe Hing kwok Chu

A manuscript... writing and translation in progress

Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Fructus Hordei Germinatus

Botanical name:

學名﹕

Hordeum sativum Jess. var. vulgar, Hack.  (sprouts)

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

 

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音﹕

 

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵音﹕

mak6 ngaa4

Other Names:

別名﹕

prescription name in pinyin: mai ya 麥芽,da mai ya 大麥芽,sheng mai ya 生麥芽,chao mai ya 炒麥芽,jiao mai ya 焦麥芽。

大麥糵(《藥性論》),麥糵(《日華子本草》),大麥毛(《滇南本草》),大麥芽(《本草匯言》)

處方名:麥芽,大麥芽,生麥芽,炒麥芽,焦麥芽等。

Common Name:

英文名﹕

barley grass, hordeum vulgare grass, pearl barley grass, scotch barley grass

Distribution:

產地﹕

 

Properties

(characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

sweet, neutral

甘,平。

Channels (meridians) entered:

 

歸經﹕

spleen, stomach.

脾,胃。

Medical functions:

藥理﹕

 

  1. reduce the risk of coronary heart disease [2]
  2. lower blood sugar
  3. lower blood pressure
  4. beneficial for ulcerated colitis
  5. hordenine, a chemical in the root of developing barley, may stimulate the sympathetic nervous system.[1]
  6. digestive enzyme that help digestion

 

  1. 減低冠心病
  2. 降血糖
  3. 降血壓
  4. 對潰瘍性腸炎有效
  5. 麥芽素有增進自主神經作用
  6. 消化酶有助消化作用

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

ulcerated colitis [1], peptic ulcer, hypertension, diabetes, indigestion, flatulence, lack of appetite, vomiting and diarrhea.

用於治療胃潰瘍,潰瘍性腸炎,高血壓,糖尿病,食積不消,脘腹脹滿,食欲不振,嘔吐瀉泄

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

含酶類:α- 澱粉酶α-amylase,澱粉酶 b-amylase,  轉化糖酶 invertase, 極限糊精酶 limitdextrinase (普魯藍酶pullulanase), 纖維素酶 cellulase,  b-葡聚醣 b-glucanase, 酚酶 phenolase, 酸性磷酸脢 acid phosphatase, , 蛋白酶 peptidase, 內蛋白激酶 endorprotinase, 蛋白激酶 protinase, 磷酸二酯酶 phosphodiesterase, 脂酶,朊酶,氧化酶,催化酶,纖維二糖酶,龍膽二糖酶,地衣聚糖酶,過氧化異構酶等;另含大麥芽鹼(hordenine)約0.13%~0.25%,大麥鹼 A(hordatine),大麥鹼B(hordatine B),腺嘌呤 (adenine) (维生素B4),膽鹼 (Choline) 0.02%~0.1%,甜菜鹼 (三甲基甘氨酸)0.06% (Betaine Hydrochloride),卵磷脂 (lecithin),氨基酸 (animo acid),維生素 (vitamin) B,D,E,蔗糖等糖類 (cane sugar),以及細胞色素C (cytochrlme C)。還含有生育醌(α-托科醌,α-tocopheryl quinone),α-生育三烯酚(α-tocotrienol),肥皂草甙 (saponarin),大麥黃甙 (lurlnarin),白花色甙 (leucoanthocyanins)。

Dosage:

用量﹕

6 to 15 g

6~15 克。

Samples of formulae

:處方舉例﹕

For indigestion: jiao san xian

消化不良:焦三仙

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

 

Toxicity & Cautions:

毒素與禁忌﹕

To avoid  increasing the drug effectnot to take with ma huang, caffeine, blood sugar lowering drug, blood pressure lowering drug, cardiac function enhancing drug,

避免與以下各藥同用,以免過度增加藥力:麻黃,降血糖藥,降血壓藥,咖啡因,強心劑。

 

[1]http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-barley.html

[2] Per FDA, to qualify for the health claim, the barley-containing foods must provide at least 0.75 gram of soluble fiber per serving of the food. See [1]

焦麥芽經大麥發芽而成,將麥芽置鍋內微火炒至黃色,噴洒清水,取出晒亁,即為焦麥芽。焦麥芽具有健脾和胃,舒肝化滯之功用 。

A manuscript... writing, translating and proofreading  in progress

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Last update: Dec 27, 2007 7:37 a.m. LAH