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shan yao
山藥，huai shan 淮山
By:
Joe Hing Kwok Chu
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Present
Day Applications:
現代應用﹕
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anti aging |
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Pharmaceutical
name:
英文藥名﹕
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Radix
Dioscoreae Oppositae |
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Latin
botanical name:
拉丁文學名
﹕
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- Dioscorea opposita Thunb.
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D.
alata
L.,
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D.
esculenta
(Lour.)
Burk.,
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D.
rotundata
(L.)
Poir.,
-
D.
cayenensis
Lam.
-
D.
bulbifera
L.
-
D.
dumetorum
Pax.,
-
D.
pentaphylla
L.
-
D.
trifida
L.
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Pron. in Japanese:
日語發音﹕
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sanyaku |
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Pron. in Korean:
韓語發音﹕
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sanyak |
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Pron. in Cantonese:
粵音﹕
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saan1 joek6, waai4 saan1 |
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Other Names:
別名﹕
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Shu yu 薯蕷﹐ chang
shu 長薯, tiao shu 條薯,
tian shu 田薯, shan shu 山薯
, da shu 大薯. It is usually prescribed
as huai shan or huai shan yao, meaning shan yao that produced in
the valley of Huai River. (Henan province of China). Huai shan yao
is deemed to be better quality.
薯蕷, 長薯, 條薯, 田薯, 山薯, 大薯. 處方常用淮山﹐即河南省淮河流域所產的山藥。一般認為淮山藥質地較好。
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Common Name:
英文名﹕
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Chinese wild yam,
dioscorea |
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Distribution:
產地﹕
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Originally grown in China in the provinces
of Henan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Shanxi,Taiwan, also
in Japan, and other tropical areas. Now the main production areas
are in the tropics. The largest production areas are central and
south America, followed by subtropical areas and Africa.
山藥原產於中國 河南,
湖南, 江西, 廣西, 四川,陝西,
台灣, 與日本及全球熱帶地區。目前主要產區多分布在熱帶，其中以中南美洲為最多，次為亞熱帶地區及非洲。
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Properties
(characteristics)﹕
性味﹕
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sweet,
neutral. |
| Medical
functions:藥理﹕ |
Medical
functions:
- Promotes urination
- Lower blood sugar
- Lower blood pressure
- antibiotic
- anti aging: use shan yao,
ju hua,
niu xi, shu di huang
- Improves digestive system. Correct
pixu condition
藥理﹕
- 利 尿
- 降 血 壓
- 降血糖
- 抑 菌
- 抗衰老﹕山藥加菊花﹐牛膝﹐熟地黃
- 改善脾 虛症狀
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Channels
(meridians) entered:
歸經﹕
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kidney,
lung, spleen channel. 腎﹐肺﹐脾。
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Actions & Indications:
主治﹕
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Wheat
flour stir fried shan yao is used as tonics for spleen and stomach.
Lack of appetite and/or chronic
diarrhea or vaginal yeast
infection with pixu
(spleen deficient) syndrome, spermatorrhea and frequent urination
due to
shenxu (kidney deficient)
﹐chronic
cough or wheezing, abundance of phlegm due to lung deficiency, fatigue,
spontaneous sweating and lack of appetite . Used in thirst
and wasting (as in
diabetes)
with qixu (qi deficient) and
yinxu (yin deficient) syndrome.
Tonic for kidney yin and kidney yang.
脾虛 泄 瀉 , 便 溏 久 瀉 ,
腎虛 遺 精 , 小 便 頻 數 ,
肺 虛 喘 咳 , 虛 勞 痰 嗽 , 食 少 倦 怠 , 脾 虛 帶 下 , 小 兒 疳 積 等 ,
氣虛
兼 陰 虛 的 糖尿病。用于肺氣虛﹐肺陰虛﹐肺陽虛證。
脾胃虛者用麵 粉炒制之山藥。
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Chemical ingredients:化學成份﹕
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the
root contains 0.012% of diosgenin (a natural
DHEA),
a steroid sapogenin; also contain saponin,
choline, starch (16%), glycoprotein, free
amino acid, d-abscisin II, 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine,
mannan and phytic acid,
vitamin B1, B2,
C,
calcium, phosphorous, iron, protein
2.4% ~ 2.8%, fat 0.08 ~ 0.1%
The shan yao produced in Japan
contains dioscin. Roots contain dopamine, batatasine,0.025％,
Ⅱ(abscisin Ⅱ, cholesterol, ergosterol, campsterol, β-steriol, and
free amino acid, and glycoproteins and after hydrolysis it produces
lysine, glutamic acid, serine etc. It also contians starch 20％-30％,
tannin acid, sticky substance, glycoprotein, polyphenol oxydase,
etc. In the sticky substance, it contains mannan, phytic acid,
3, 4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine,
allantoin, and batatasin I.
The tuber contains dioscin, sticky substance,
choline, starch 16%, glycoproteins, and free amino acid, and d-Abscisin
Ⅱ, polyphenol oxidase vitamin C (5mg%) and
3, 4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine.
The sticky substance contains mannan and phytic acid.
塊莖含:薯
蕷皂Diosgenin (天然的DHEA) 0.012%, 皂素﹐膽鹼﹐澱粉
16%﹐ 醣蛋白﹐氨基酸﹐脱落素﹐3﹐4-雙
羥基苯丙胺酸，甘露聚糖,
植酸 phytic acid, 維 他 命 B1, B2, C 及 鈣, 磷, 鐵 ﹐蛋 白 質 2.4 ~ 2.
8 % ， 脂 質 0.08 ~0. 1 %.
日本山
藥含 薯蕷皂甙（Dioscin），其
甙元為薯蕷皂甙元，也是薯蕷屬植物塊莖常含有的成分。根莖含多巴胺（dopamine）、山藥鹼（batatasine,0.025％
）、槭素Ⅱ(abscisin Ⅱ)、膽甾醇(cholesterol)、麥角甾醇（ergosterol）、菜油甾醇（campsterol）
、β-谷甾醇；另含游離氨基酸，以及糖朊（glycoproteins）,水解產生賴氨酸、谷氨酸
(glutamic Acid)、
絲氨酸 (serine)等
多種氨基酸。此外，尚含澱粉20％－30％、鞣質、粘液質、糖蛋白、多酚氧化酶(polyphenol
oxidase)等
。粘液中含甘露聚糖（mannan）、植酸（phytic acid ）、3,4-二羥基苯乙胺、尿囊素（allantoin）和山
藥素Ⅰ(batatasin Ⅰ)。
塊莖含皂甙、粘液質 、膽鹼、澱粉（16%）、糖蛋白和自由氨基酸，還含止杈素（d-Abscisin
Ⅱ）、多酚氧化酶、維生素C（5毫克%）、3，4-二 羥基苯乙胺，粘液中含甘露聚糖（Mannan）與植酸（Phytic acid）
。
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Dosage:
用量﹕
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normal dosage is 6 ~ 12 g. Large dosages
can be up to 100 g. 常用量 6 ~ 12 克。大劑量有用到100 克。
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Samples of formulae
:處方舉例﹕
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you gui wan
右歸丸
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jin gui shen qi wan
金櫃腎氣丸
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ba zhen tang 八珍湯,
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dang gui jian zhong tang
當歸健中湯,
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Modern Research:
現代研究﹕
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to be loaded |
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Cautions:
禁忌﹕
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Do not use in cases of
liver yang ascending and urination
difficulty due to urinary tract infection.
肝 陽 上亢 及 小 便 不 利因
濕 熱 內 蘊 者 忌 服 。
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DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone)
- An androgenic steroid hormone secreted by the brain, skin and
largely by the adrenal cortex and found in human urine. It is the
largest amount of the steroid hormone in the body. When a person get
older the DHEA amount becomes less and when a person get to 45 years
old, the secretion of DHEA is about half of that of when he/she was
20 years old.
- A commercial synthetic preparation of this hormone used as a nutritional
supplement.
DHEA (脫氫 表雄甾酮)
﹝ DHEA ﹞ 是一種天然的激素， 由腦部、 皮 膚和腎上腺所分泌﹔ 是體內含量最多的類固醇激 素
。。它存在於尿液中。 人在老化時， DHEA 的含量會減少; 到了45 歲 左右，
DHEA 分泌量只有20 歲時候的一半。
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Last update: Feb 17, 2009; 1:18 a.m.
LAH
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