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中藥詞典    Chinese Herb Dictionary      

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xiao hui xiang 小茴香  (in English and Chinese 中英文)
by: Joe Hing kwok Chu 朱興國編譯

Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Fructus Foeniculi Vulgaris

Biological name:

拉丁文學名﹕

Foeniculum vulgare Mill.

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

shouikyo

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音﹕

sohoehyang

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵音﹕

siu2 wui4 heong1

Other Names:

別名﹕

xiao hui 小茴﹐huai xiang 蘹香 ﹐hui xiang 茴香﹐

hui xiang zi 茴香子。 Adas (Malay, Indonesian)

Common Name:

英文名﹕

fennel

Distribution:

產地﹕

throughout China and south east Asia

Properties

(characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

warm, acrid

性溫,味辛。

Medical functions:

藥理﹕

  1. anti fungal effect [2]. Fennel oil samples have shown high activity against Candida albicans.[5]

  2. antioxidant [1][7]

  3. releases stored fat for consumption of the body [3]

  4. potential in preventing bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis by reducing both osteoclast differentiation and function.[4]

  5. prevent rat hepatic fibrosis by reducing amount of collagen fiber and improve hepatic functions.[6]

  6. emmenagogue effects (promote menses blood flow)

  7. increases kidney activity and decreases urea rate [9]

  8. increases progesterone [10]

  9. gel of 3% fenel decreased hair thickness in idiopathic mild to moderate hirsutism [10]

  10. Aqueous extract of fennel seed showed the beneficial effect (especially at dose of 150 mg/kg b.w.) on renal function in in rats with poly cystic ovarian syndrome. [11]

  11. possesses oestrogenic activity [12]

 

  1. 抗真菌 作用 [2]. 小茴香之精油對白色念珠球菌有很強的對抗作用 [5].

  2. 抗氧化 作用 [1]

  3. 釋放儲 存的脂肪以供身體消耗 [3]

  4. 可能有 預防在絕經後, 減少破骨細胞之分化作用而防止 骨質疏 鬆症之潛能 [4]

  5. 減少大 鼠肝膠原纖維的量而防止肝纖維化,和改善肝功能。[6]

  6. 通經作用(促進月經血流量)

  7. 增進腎臟機能, 降低尿素 [9]

  8. 增加黃體素[10]

  9. 3% 的小茴香凝膠對特發性輕度至中度多毛症能降低毛體的粗度[10]

  10. 小茴香的水提物對患有多囊性卵巢綜合征的大鼠之對腎功能有益作用
    (特別是在150毫克/ kg體重之劑量)。 [11]

  11. 有女性性激素的作用[12]

Channels (meridians) entered:

歸經﹕

liver, kidney, spleen, stomach

肝﹐腎﹐脾﹐胃。

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

  1. Cold type of hernia,

  2. Indigestion, gastric gas and colic , especially for babies.

  3. Swollen testes.

  4. Cholera and vomiting

  5. Beriberi

  6. For respiratory congestion and cough

  7. Frequent urination

  8. For stimulating the flow of breast milk.

  9. External use in abdominal pain: stir fry in pan until hot and wrap in cloth and apply to abdomen area for pain and cold sensation.

  10. The xiao hui xiang gel of 3% can reduce the thickness of facial hair [10]

 

  1. 寒 疝腹痛

  2. 胸腹脹滿, 消化不良, 鼓腸氣脹, 腸絞痛, 常用於嬰兒。

  3. 睪丸腫痛

  4. 霍亂嘔吐

  5. 胃炎食少

  6. 腳氣

  7. 小便數

  8. 催乳

  9. 外敷﹕ 腹部冷痛﹐ 炒熱銷茴﹐布包﹐熱敷於腹部。

  10. 小茴香3%凝膠的效果與安慰劑相比,顯明 能減少的面部毛髮粗度(由顯微鏡探查)。[10]

 

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

果實含 揮發油 ,成熟 果實6.2%,未成熟果實8.6%.

Fruits contain evaporating oil.

Unripe fruit contain 8.6% and ripen fruit contain 6.2%

反式茴香脑

trans-Anethole)61.6~78.3%

亞油酸

linoleic acid

棕榈酸

palmitic acid

花生酸

arachidic acid

山萮酸

behenic acid

槲皮素

quercetin

植物甾醇酰基β-果 糖呋喃甙

phytosteryl b-fructofuranoside

7-羟基香豆素

7-hydroxycoumarin

6,7-二羟基香豆素

6,7-dihydroxycoumarin

齊墩果酸

Oleanolic acid

穀 甾醇

sitosterol

豆甾醇

stigmasterol

小茴香酮

Fenchone

α-蒎烯

α-pinene

檸檬烯

limonene

莰烯

camphene

β-蒎烯

β-Pinene

β-香叶烯

β-Myrcene

α-水芹烯

α-Phellandrene

P-伞花醇

P-Cymol

草蒿

Estragole

甲基胡椒酚

Methyl chavicol

岩芹酸

petroselinic acid

Δ7-豆甾烯醇

Δ7-Stigmastenol

菜油甾醇

campesterol

胆甾醇

choline sterol

Δ7-菜油甾烯醇

Δ7-Campestenol

Δ5- 燕麦甾醇

Δ5-Avenasterol

菜油甾二烯醇

campestadienol

豆甾二烯醇

stigmastadienol

二戊烯

dipentene

茴香醚 (茴 香腦)

anethole (C10H12O) 5060%

d-小 茴香 酮

d-fenchone (C10H16O) 1820%

小茴 香酸

anisic acid

對-傘花烴

p-cymene

歐芹酸

petroselinic acid

順式茴香醚

cisanethole

愛草醚

estragole

小茴香醛

anise aldehyde

Dosage:

用 量﹕

3 to 20 g. Concentrated extract: 0.5 to 2 g.

3~20克。濃縮中藥:0.52克 。

Samples of formulae:

處方舉 例﹕

1. an zhong san

2. nuan gan tang

 

1. 安中散

2. 暖肝湯

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

See bibliography below.

Cautions:

禁忌﹕

  • Use caution in cases of yinxu (yin deficient) and lack of liquid.

  • Not recommended for pregnant women with weak constitution or use with care when using it. because the herb has estrogenic activity.

  • may not suitable to use with Fluoroquinolone drugs

  • The estrogenic activity of this herb brings some side effects such as decrease in protein concentration and acid and alkaline phosphatase in male genital organs, increase in weight of mammary glands and reproductive organs in women and premature breast developing in girls[7]

 

  • 陰虛 津液不足者慎用。

  • 體質太虛弱的孕婦忌服或慎服, 因為本品有雌激素樣的活性。[7]

  • 不宜和氟 喹諾酮類藥物同用。

  • 本品的雌激素活性可能引起一些副作用,如降低蛋白質濃度和男性生殖器官的酸性和鹼性磷酸酶,乳腺增大及生殖器官婦女和女孩乳房過早發育[7]

Fluoroquinolone drugs include:

ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
enoxacin (Penetrex)
lomefloxacin (Maxaquin)
norfloxacin (Noroxin)
ofloxacin (Floxin)
sparfloxacin (Zagam)
levofloxacin (Levaquin)
grepafloxacin (Raxar)
trovafloxacin/alatrofloxacin (Trovan)
and others

 

氟喹諾酮類藥物包括:
環丙沙星(Cipro)
諾沙星(Penetrex)
洛美沙星(Maxaquin)
諾氟沙星(Noroxin)
氧氟沙星(Floxin)
司帕沙星(Zagam)
左氧氟沙星(Levaquin)
格帕沙星(Raxar)
曲伐沙星/阿拉曲伐沙星(Trovan)
以及其他

 

 We thank Paul Pilkington of Australia for financial contribution of this webpage.

[1] Pharmacognosy Res. 2012 Apr;4(2):104-8.

[2] Indian J Dent Res. 2010 Jul-Sep;21(3):334-6.

[3] http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=9bf57bf0-6574-4f6d-99f3-0b0f50503357

[4] Int J Mol Med. 2012 Jun;29(6):1053-9. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.950. Epub 2012 Mar 23.

[5] 2008 Jul-Sep;112(3):832-6.

[6] 《Chinese Journal of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy》 2009-17

[7] 2013 Jan;19(1):73-9. doi: 10.1007/s11655-013-1327-0. Epub 2012 Dec 29.

[8] Caspian J Intern Med. 2014 Winter; 5(1): 26–29.

[9] Avicenna J Phytomed. 2014 Mar-Apr; 4(2): 110–117.

[10] Caspian J Intern Med. 2014 Winter; 5(1): 26–29.

[11] Avicenna J Phytomed. 2014 Mar-Apr; 4(2): 110–117.

[12] Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1985 Jan-Mar;29(1):21-6.

 

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Last update: May 15, 2016; 4:23 p.m. LAH