Pharmaceutical name: 英文藥名﹕ | Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati |
Latin name: 學名﹕ | Polygonatum Modoratum (Mill.) Druce 西玉竹（連州竹，西竹）;湘玉竹（尾參） Polygonatum Macropodium Turcz 海玉竹（海竹） Polygonatum inflatum Kom 東北玉竹 Polygonatum Odoratum (Mill.) Druce var. Pluriflorum (Miq); also known as P. officinale All.) |
Pron. in Japanese: 日語發音﹕ | gyokuchiku |
Pron. in Korean: 韓語發音﹕ | okchuk |
Pron. in Cantonese: 粵音﹕ | yuk6 zuk1 |
Other Names: 別名﹕ | yin 熒，wei wei 委萎，nu wei 女萎，wei rui 葳蕤，wang ma王馬，jie ci 節地，chong chan 蟲蟬，wu wei 烏萎，qing nian 青粘，huang zhi 黃芝，di jie 地節，wei rui 萎蕤，ma xun 馬熏，nu cao 女草，wa cao 娃草，li cao 麗草，wei shen 葳參，wei xiang 萎香，xiao bi guan cao 小筆管菜，shan yu zhu 山玉竹，shi yang cuo 十樣錯，zhu qi gen 竹七根，zhu jie huang 竹節黃，huang jiao ji 黃腳雞，bai jie yao 百解藥，shan zi cao 山鈴子草，ling dang cai 鈴鐺菜，deng long cao 燈籠草，shan bao mi 山包米，shan jiang 山姜，huang man qing 黃蔓菁，lu li hua 蘆莉花，wei shen 尾參，lian zhu 連竹，shan zhu 西竹。 |
Common Name: 英文名﹕ | Beatamaria in Catalan, Angular Solomon's Seal, Muhrusuleyman, Poligonato, Solomon'S Seal, Solomon's Seal, Welriekende Salomonszegel. |
Distribution: 產地﹕ | Jiangsu, Hebei, Hunan, Henan, Zhejiang |
Properties characteristics)﹕ 性味﹕ | sweet, slightly bitter. 甘﹐微苦。 |
Channels meridians) entered: 歸經﹕ | lung, stomach. 肺﹐胃。 |
| Medical functions: 藥理﹕ | effect on heart﹕ small amount of yu zhu decoction or tincture strengthens the in vitro heart of frogs, while large amount weaken the heart rate, or even stop the hearts. effect on blood vessels: when given 20% decoction to the the blood vessels of frogs, caused the blood vessels to contrict. Giving 20ml of venous injection to dogs, caused the kidney volumn to shrink. effect on blood pressure: giving 20% of yu zhu decoction of 1, 2 and 5ml of venous injectin s to domestic rabbits cause the blood pressure to rise slowly but giving small dosage of 5 ml to dogs under anesthesia, caused the blood pressure to lower temporary. effect on blood lipids and arteriosclerosis: using yu zhu injectiones in muscle injection or in stomach feeding can prevent the rising of triglycerides but cholesterol had risen after administering the herb. effect on blood sugar: giving domesticated rabbits venous injection of 2 yu zhu extract of 0.5/kg, has caused the blood sugar to lower, but stomach introduction has caused the blood sugar to rise initially and to lower eventually. It can obviously inhibit the effect of of raising blood sugar by the epinephrine. effect on intestines:20% decoction can initially stimulate in vitro intestines of mice, and eventually inhibits the intestines. effect on uterus: 20% decoction can mildly stimultate in vitro uterus of mice. effect on lack of oxygen: injecting 100% yu zhu injectiones, enable mice to tolerate lack of oxygen.
對心臟的作用：玉竹煎劑或酊劑小量使離體蛙心搏動增強，大量則使心跳減弱甚至停止。 對血管的作用：20%煎劑給蛙血管灌流時，可使血管收縮；給麻醉狗靜脈注射10ml，可使腎容積縮小。 對血壓的作用：給麻醉兔靜脈注射20%玉竹煎劑每只1，2和5ml，均使血壓緩慢上升，而麻醉狗小劑量（5ml）靜脈注射，對血壓無明顯影響，但大量（10ml）可使血壓短暫下降。 對血脂及實驗性動脈粥樣硬化斑塊的影響：玉竹注射液灌胃或肌肉注射，有預防甘油三酯上升的作用，而膽固醇在給藥後比給藥前有明顯增加；對動物動脈粥樣硬化斑塊的形成有一定的緩解作用。 對血糖的影響：給家兔肌肉注射玉竹浸劑0.5g/kg可使血糖升高。而灌胃其浸膏，血糖先升高後降低。對腎上腺素所引起的高血糖則有明顯的抑制作用。玉竹灌胃可抑制葡萄糖和四氧嘧啶所致的大鼠血糖升高。 對腸管作用：20%玉竹煎劑，可使小鼠離體腸管先興奮後抑制， 對子宮作用﹕ 對小鼠離體子宮有輕微的刺激作用。 耐缺氧作用﹕覺腹腔注射100%玉竹注射液，可延長小鼠耐缺氧時間。
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Actions & Indications: 主治﹕ |
For treatment of cardiac exhaustion: use with Aminophylline and hydrochlorothiazide
For treatment of high lipids: use with shan zha
For treatment of age spots: use with ju hua , jiang can, can yong, bo he
治心衰：與氨茶鹼和雙氫克尿塞配伍。
治高血脂症：與山楂配伍。
治皮膚黃褐斑：與菊 花，殭 蠶，蠶蛹, 薄荷 等配伍。 |
Chemical ingredients: 化學成份﹕ | Convallamarin | 鈴蘭苦甙 | Convallarin | 鈴蘭 | Quercitol | 槲皮醇 | Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid | 吖丁啶-2-羧酸 | Vitamin A | 維生素A | kaempferol | 山柰酚甙 | Chelidonic acid | 白屈菜酸 | nicotinic acid | 煙酸 |
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Dosage: 用量﹕ | For decoction: 10 to 15 g. Can be used in pill or powder form. Can be made into paste by decocting and evaporating. 內服煎湯，10~15克；熬膏或入丸，散。 |
Samples of formulae: 處方舉例﹕ | |
Modern Research: 現代研究﹕ | |
Toxicity & Cautions: 毒素與禁忌﹕ | not to use in cases of damp phlegm and qi stagnation in the stomach. 胃有痰濕氣滯者忌服。 |