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Last update: May 29, 2011, 11:28 p.m. LAH

 

zang fu (organ) diagnostics 臟腑辨證 (in English and Chinese 中 英文)

 

translated by: Joe Hing Kwok Chu 朱興國譯成英文

 

Back to TCM diagnostics main page

 

1.肺病證候  Lung syndrome

characteristics性 質syndrome 證狀

pulse 脈象

tongue & fur

舌苔
cold寒pale complexion, short of breath, not thirsty, thin and white phlegm, clear color mucus from the nose.面白,氣喘不 渴,咳痰稀白,鼻流清涕。

floating, tight, or slippery

浮弦或滑

white, slippery

白滑

hot

phlegm is thick and yellow, nose bleeding, and hot, dry mouth with sore throat, feverish with eddy, hot temper

咳痰黃稠,鼻衄鼻煽 ,咽痛口燥,身熱煩躁。

large, rapid.

洪數

yellow fur with red tip

苔黃尖紅

deficient虛qi deficient

氣虛

pale face, short of breath and tired, dislike cold and sweating easily, soft weak voice, dry skin, breath is shallow.

面 色萎白,氣怯倦怠,畏寒易汗,語音低弱,皮 膚乾燥,呼吸細微。

weak, thin

虛 細

pale and pink

舌淡紅

yin deficient

陰虛

hot flashes with sweating, dry cough with coarse voice, panting with dry throat, coughing blood, pink cheeks.

潮熱盜汗,乾咳音啞,喘促咽 燥,咳血顴赤。

thin, rapid

細 數

dark red with scanty fur

紅絳少苔

strong實

pulmonary-cardiac function deficient 水飲

empty vomiting, palpitation, asthma and difficult to lie down, coughing and spitting bubbly phlegm, pain in chest and rib cage 乾嘔短氣,心悸,喘息不得臥,咳吐泡沫痰,胸 脅牽痛。

thin, tight

細弦

whit, slippery

白滑

blood stasis and heat瘀 熱coughing, spitting bleed with pus, foul smelling breath and phlegm, pain and fullness in rib cage.

 咳逆上氣,吐膿血,痰 氣腥臭,胸脅脹痛。

slippery, strong or large and slippery

滑實或浮大

yellow and oily

黃膩

2.大腸病證候 Large intestine syndrome

大腸為傳導之官,與肺相表裡,其病變主要在大便方面。

Characteristics性質

Syndrome 證狀

Pulse syndrome

脈象

Furs of tongue

舌苔

Cold

pain in abdomen with noise in the intestine, loose stool, long urination and light color urine, cold hands and feet.

 腹痛腸鳴,大便溏泄, 小便 清長,手足冷。

deep, slow.沉 遲

white and slippery

白滑

Hot

no pain in abdomen, stool is hard or mushy and stinky, or blood in stool, short, pink urine, dry mouth and lips, hot and painful anus.

腹無痛苦大便硬結或便溏腐臭,或便血,小 便短赤,口 燥唇焦,肛門灼熱腫 痛 。

rapid.

yellow and dry

黃燥

Deficient

abdomen is soft, chronic diarrhea, prolapse of anus, body, especially the limbs are cold

 腹 濡軟,久痢,滑泄,肛門 下脫,寒疾肢冷。

thin and  rapid

細數

thin and slippery

薄 滑

Strong

pain in abdomen and resist pressing, or tenesmus, or pain in lower abdomen, constipation, or diarrhea with pus and blood, frequent urination.

 腹痛拒按,或裡急後重,或小 腹疼痛,大便不通,或下利膿血,小 便頻 數。

deep and  rapid, or slippery and rapid.

沉數或滑數

yellow and oily

黃膩

3.心病證候 heart syndrome

心的主要功能是藏神、主血、因此神志和血液的病變和心有密切關係。

Characteristics性質Syndrome 證狀

Pulse syndrome 脈象

tongue & fur

舌苔
Cold寒palpitation, angina, cold limbs

心悸惚惚,心暴痛,肢冷。

tardy 遲

thin and white 薄白
Hot

agitated and difficult to sleep, laughing nonstop, talking incoherently, red face with dry mouth, thirsty for water, angina, spitting bleed, nose bleeding, yellow and reddish urine.

心煩不得眠,喜笑不休,譫語如狂,面赤咽 乾, 口渴欲飲,心胸痛,吐血衄血,小便黃赤。

rapid 數

tip of tongue is red

舌尖紅赤

Deficient虛palpitation, feeling sorrow and forgetful, agitated and difficult to sleep, abundance of dreams and waking up easily, instant sweating (yang deficient), night sweating, (yin deficient), spermatorrha, noisy abdomen as if hungry, sudden pain in the solar plexus, or pain in the rib cage radiating to the lower back.  心悸怔忡,善憂健忘,虛煩失眠,多夢易驚,自 汗(陽虛),盜汗(陰虛),遺精,腸内嘈 聲如飢,心下暴痛,或脅下牽引腰背疼痛。

thin and weak

細弱

tongue is red

舌質紅赤

Strong實agitated and unpeaceful, laughing nonstop, getting angry and cussing, muddle headed with plegm.

煩躁不寧,喜笑不休,發狂怒罵,神昏痰壅。

strong and large

實大

tip of tongue is red

舌尖紅赤

4.小腸病證候 small intestine syndrome

小腸亦稱「受盛之官」。其病患常和大小便之失常有關,又因與心相表裡故和心有一定 關係 。

Characteristics性質

syndrome

證狀

pulse syndrome

脈象

tongue & fur

舌苔

deficient cold虛寒achy lower abdomen and preferring pressing, clear and prolong urinating, or frequent urination or with difficulty, noisy intestines, diarrhea or bleeding after bowel movements.

小腹墜痛喜按,小便清長或頻數不 利,腸鳴泄瀉 或糞後下血。

thin, weak

細弱

thin and white

薄白

Strong hot

實熱

achy intestines, pain radiating to lower back and testicles. Pain is lessened after farting, reddish urine, achy penis, pain in throat, hard in hearing,  annoyed, sores on tongue.

小腸氣痛連及腰脊睪 丸,臍腹作脹,得 矢氣較鬆 ,小便赤澀,莖中痛,咽痛耳聾,心煩舌瘡。

slipperly, rapid

滑數

yellow and oil with pink edges and tip 黃膩邊尖紅

5.脾病證候 spleen  syndrome (not referring to the organ spleen in anatomy)

Its main function is in digestion and muscles of the limbs. Thus, the syndrome includes dysfunction of digestion, limbs being thin or edema.

 脾主運化 ,主四肢肌肉,故脾病病候,偏於運化失調及肢體消瘦或浮腫等方面病變。

Characteristics性質syndrome 證狀

pulse syndrome  脈象

tongue & fur

舌苔

cold

continuous abdomen pain, food not digesting, diarrhea or constipation, lack of appetite, cold limbs, vomiting, dark yellowish skin, or edema.

腹痛綿綿,食入不化,泄瀉清冷或便 秘,唇淡口和,肢冷嘔吐, 皮膚黃黯或 浮腫 。

deep, slow

沉遲

thin, white

薄白

hot

sometimes ache in abdomen and sometimes feeling fine, able to eat, reddish yellow urine, red lips with sores, bright yellowish skin, sweet taste and sticky mouth.

腹部乍痛乍止,能 食,小便黃赤,唇赤生瘡,身黃色鮮,口甜粘濁。

slippery and rapid

滑數

thin yellowish or red tongue, lack of saliva.

薄黃 或舌赤少津

deficient

pain in abdomen and like to be pressed, eating less and not digesting, stool is mushy or watery diarrhea, wilted complexion, tired and like to lie down , abundance of phlegm, wasting away or edema, cold limbs.

腹痛喜按,食 減不化,大便溏或 洞泄,面色萎黃,倦怠 嗜臥,多痰, 消 瘦 或浮腫,四肢清冷。

weak and slow

虛緩

slippery

strong

fullness and achy upper belly, sometimes feeling hungry, unsmooth defecation and urination, sluggish feeling with edema, fullness in chest and abdomen.

大腹滿痛 ,有時易飢,大小便 不利,身重腫脹,胸痞滿。

strong and rapid, or slippery and rapid.

數實或滑數

fur of tongue is dry and yellow

舌苔乾黃

6.胃病證候 stomach syndrome

胃主受穀又稱「水穀之海」,凡是飢飽不時,冷熱不當,都可影響胃的正常功能,以致 發生消化機能方面的病變。

characteristics性質

syndrome

證狀

pulse expression

脈象

tongue & fur

舌苔

cold

chronic fullness and achiness in the stomach, preferring warm compress, spitting out clear mucus, after eating the morning then vomitting in the evening, burping, cold limbs, preferring warm food.

胃脘脹滿疼痛,綿綿不止,喜熱按,泛 吐清涎,早食暮吐,呃逆,四 肢清冷 ,喜熱飲食。

right guan position is deep and slow

右關沉遲

white and slippery

白滑

hot

thirsty and longing for cool, fast digestion and hungry, noisy vomiting, vomiting after eating, foul smell from mount, swollen gum

口渴思冷 ,消穀善飢,嘔吐嘈雜,食入 即吐,口臭牙齦腫痛。

slippery and rapid pulse滑數

red tongue with yellow fur, lack of saliva

舌赤苔黃少津

deficient

difficult to digest food, lump and tightness  in chest cavity, burping gas and acid, lack of appetite, pale lips, loose stool.

食難消化 ,胸脘痞悶,噯氣吐酸,不思 飲食,唇淡便泄。

right guan position is soft and weak

右關軟弱

pulse tongue and lack of fur

舌淡少苔

strong

painful and flatulence in the stomach, resisting pressure, burping rotten food and acid, difficulty in defecating, ascites.

脘腹 脹滿,痛疼拒按,噯腐吞酸,大便不通 , 大腹水腫。

strong and large

實大

yellow and thick fur

黃厚

7.肝病證候 liver syndrome

肝藏血,主筋,開竅於 目,性喜舒暢條達,肝病多見頭目,脅肋及筋脈等疾患。

characteristics性 質

syndrome 證狀

pulse syndrome

脈象

 tongue & fur

舌苔

cold

hernia, pain and flatulence in lower abdomen, muscle contraction, radiating pain to the scrotum, vomiting clear mucus. 疝氣,小腹脹痛,筋收縮,陰囊引痛,嘔吐清 涎。

deep, tight and slow

沉弦而遲

white, slippery, pale

白滑質淡

hot

pink and swollen eyes, tears, dry throat and bitter taste in mouth, fullness head and irritable, pain and difficulty in hearing, spasm, cloudy urine and bloody urine.

目赤腫痛,多淚,口苦咽乾,頭脹煩躁,耳痛耳聾,痙攣抽搐,淋濁尿血。

tihgt and rapid

弦數

red tongue

舌紅

deficient

tinnitus, blurry vision, dry eyes and night blindness, spastic muscles, body numbness, wilted nails, dizziness and off balance.

耳鳴目眩,目乾雀盲,筋攣拘急,身體麻木,爪 甲枯萎,頭 暈欲撲。

tight, thin and weak

弦細而弱

bald, red without fur

光紅無苔

strong

pain and hot in the head, short of temper, pain and bulging in the rib cage radiating to the lower abdomen, vomiting acidic liquid, opisthotonos, deafness, dizziness. 頭中熱痛,急躁多怒,胸脅脹痛拒按,牽連小腹 ,嘔吐酸水,角弓反張,手 足拘 攣強急,耳聾頭眩。

tight and strong

弦勁

red and purple  tongue, yellow greasy fur

舌紅 紫苔黃膩

8.膽病證候 gall bladder syndrome

肝主謀慮,膽主決絲平,膽和肝相表裡。

characteristics性質syndrome

證狀

pulse syndrome

脈象

tongue & fur

舌苔
cold

insomnia, dizziness, vomiting.

夜間不寐,頭暈嘔吐。

slow

slippery, greasy

滑膩

hot

anguish, bitteness in mouth, vomiting bile, restless sleep at night, blurry vision, deafness, pain in rib cage, angry easily.胸脘煩悶,口苦,嘔吐苦水,夜寐不安,目眩耳聾,脅痛易怒。

tight, rapid

弦數

yellow, greasy

黃膩

deficient

dizziness and preferring to lie down, weak and irritable and insomnia, easily frighten, sighing, blurry vision.

頭暈欲臥,虛煩不眠,膽怯易 驚,善太息,視物模糊。

tight, thin

弦細

red tongue, scanty fur

舌紅少苔

strong

sleep a lot, pain in both sides of head and eye sockets, pain and fullness in chest, angry easily.

多眠睡,頭兩側及目眥皆痛,胸滿脅痛,易怒。

tight, strong

弦實

red tongue, yellow fur

苔黃舌紅

9.腎病證候 kidney syndrome

腎藏精,主骨生髓,開竅於耳,由於它是主封藏蟄伏的臟器,故監病多見耳目、腰膝及 生殖機能方面的疾病且多見虛證, 實症較少。

characteristics性 質

syndrome

證狀

pulse syndrome

脈象

tongue & fur

舌苔

yin deficint

陰虛

dizziness, blurry vision,  tinnitus, deaf, spermatorrhea, achy loin, weak achy legs,  cough with phlegm and blood, night sweating and hot at night.

頭眩目花,耳鳴耳聾,遺精腰痛,腰腿痠軟,咳嗽痰血,夜熱盜汗。

weak, thin, rapid

虛細而 數

red tongue, scanty fur 舌紅少苔
yang deficient陽虛spermatorrhea with cold semen, impotence, cold loin and legs, weak legs, edema and small amount of urination, early morning diarrhea, flatulence, panting and short of breath, sweating on forehead, cold feet.

滑泄精冷,陽萎,腰腿覺冷,兩足痿軟,浮腫溲少,五更瀉,腹脹滿,喘息 氣短, 額汗足冷。

deep, slow, weak, or weak and large

沉遲無力或虛大

tongue is pale &  moist  or fat and soft 舌質淡潤或胖嫩

10.膀胱病證候 bladder syndrome

膀胱為「州都之官」與腎有表裡關係,其病變多在小便方面。

characteristics性 質syndrome 證狀
deficient cold 虛寒urine is clear and frequent or lack of control, enuresis, edema

小便清白頻數或不禁,遺尿,浮腫。

strong hot實熱difficulty in urination, hot sensation or pain like spikes poking, urine is reddish yellow, cloudy, pus and blood in urine, with sand or stones, difficulty in passing, fullness and pain in the lower abdomen

小便短澀不利,覺熱或疼痛,如刺,尿色黃赤, 渾 濁不清,尿膿血、血尿, 砂 石或閉塞不通,小腹脹滿硬痛。

11.臟腑兼病證候 zang fu with other syndromes

臟腑兼 病

with other syndromes

syndrome 證狀

pulse syndrome

脈象

fur of tongue

舌苔

肺腎陰虛

lung kidney yin deficient

short of breath, coughing phlegm with blood, hot flashes, night sweating, pale face with pink cheeks, weak and irritable with insomnia, urinations are short, dark in color or not flowing smoothly.

氣短喘急,咳 欶痰血,潮熱盜汗,面白顴紅,虛煩不眠,小便短赤或不利。

thin and rapid or tight and rapid

細數或弦數

thin fur, red tongue, and dry

苔薄舌紅少津

心脾兩虛

heart and spleen both deficient

pale and yellowish face, eating small amount, fatigue, short of breath and lack of energy, forgetfulness, palpitation, lack of sleep, night sweating, irregular menses.

面色萎黃,食少倦怠,氣短神怯,健忘怔忡,少 寐,盜汗,婦女月經不調。

thin soft and weak

細軟無力

white fur, pale tongue

苔白質淡

心腎不交

heart and kidney not in harmony

difficult to fall asleep, even can be awake all night, tinnitus, dizziness, hot flashes, night sweating, uncomfortably warm in the chest and in the palms and soles, palpitation,  forgetfulness, plenty of dreams, weak and achy lion and legs, spermatorrhea, red tongue with scanty fur, thin and rapid pulse, palpitation, night urinations, when active face turns red.

難以入睡,甚則徹夜不眠,頭暈耳鳴,潮熱盜汗 ,五心煩熱,健忘多夢,腰膝痠軟,遺精,舌紅少苔,脈細數。怔忡,夜間尿多 ,煩勞則面赤。

weak, rapid

虛數

red tongue without fur舌 紅無苔
心膽俱虛

heart and gall bladder both deficient

easily frighten, weak and easily annoyed and insomnia, plenty of dreams, vomiting, dry mouth.

觸事易驚,虛煩不寐,夢多,心煩喜嘔,口苦。

tight, thin, weak

弦細無力

pale red tongue

舌淡紅

脾腎陽虛

spleen and kidney yang deficient

lack of appetite, palpitation, flatulence, cold limbs, edema and ascites, loose stool, early morning diarrhea, frequent long urination, light color urine. 食少心悸,腹滿肢涼,水腫鼓脹,大便多溏,五 更瀉,小便頻 數清白。

slow, weak, thin

緩弱遲細

fur tongue lacking lustre

舌淡無華

脾肺兩虛

spleen and lung both deficient

cough and spitting muccus, short of breath, eating small amount, not digesting properly, emaciation, tired limbs. 咳吐 痰涎,氣短喘促,食少不化,贏瘦,肢怠。

虛數

white fur and lack of moisture

苔白少津

肝陽上逆

liver yang ascending

strong heat實火headache, dizziness, red face and angry easily, pink eyes, tinnitus, bitterness in mouth, constipation, red urine.

頭痛眩暈、面紅易怒,目赤耳鳴,口苦 ,便秘溲赤。

tight, hard and long

弦硬而長

yellow fur and red tongue

苔黃質紅

depressed heat鬱火fullness in head, chill and fever, spitting out acidic liquid, fullness and achiness in chest and rib cage, red hot face, scrofula.

頭脹,往來寒熱,嘔吐酸水,胸脅脹痛,面紅發熱,瘰癧痰核。

tight and rapid

弦數

red tongue with spikes

舌紅赤起刺

liver wind肝風fainting suddenly, paralysis, difficult to speak.

卒然昏倒,口眼喎 斜,半身不遂,舌強不言。

tight, ling and strong

弦長有力

yellow fur and red tongue苔 黃舌紅
肝氣不舒

liver qi uncomfortable

fullness in rib cage, depressed mood, headache, blurry vision, heaviness in the lower abdomen, irregular menses.

脅肋串痛,抑鬱不樂, 頭痛目眩,少腹重墜,婦 女經水不調。

tight, large and weak

弦大無力

thin and greasy

薄膩

肝火刑肺 (木火刑金)

liver fire against lung

qi ni: coughing, sicky phlegm, pain in rib cage area with no definite location, even spitting blood or blood in phlegm.氣逆:咳嗽痰粘,胸脅竄痛,甚則咯血或痰 血。

弦數

yellow fur and red tongue

苔黃舌紅

肝氣犯胃 (木邪侮土)

liver qi offending stomach

fullness and stuffiness in chest and solar plexus area, pain with no definite location in rib cage, pain in solar plexus, not digesting food, burping and spitting acid, irregular bowel movements.

胸脘滿悶,兩竄 痛,胃脘痛,食入不化,噯氣 吐酸,大便不調。

tight

thing and yellow

薄黃

肝脾不和

liver and spleen not in harmony

wilted and yellow complexion, tiredness, no desire to drink liquid even when thirsty, no desire to eat even when hungry, bloating in abdomen with pain, gurgling intestine and diarrhea.

面色萎黃,神氣倦怠,渴不喜飲,飢不欲 食,腹 大腹痛,腸鳴泄瀉。

tight, slow

弦緩

white and greasy

白膩

肝腎陰虛

liver and kidney yin deficient

wilted complexion, pink cheeks, dry eyes and dizziness, pain in bones under the eyebrows, weakness in lower legs and loin area, dry mouth, night sweating, palms and soles are hot, difficuty in urination and in bowel movements, spermatorrhea in males, pain in lower abdomen in female with irregular menses and vagina discharge.

面色憔悴,兩顴嫩紅,頭眩目乾,眉稜 骨痛,腰 脛痿軟,咽乾盜汗,手足心 熱, 兩便艱澀,男子遺精,女子少腹痛 ,經水不調,帶下。

thin

red tongue with no fur

舌紅無苔

腎虛肝旺 (水不涵木)

kidney deficient and liver flourishing

dizziness and blurry vision, heaviness in head, lack of balance, tinnitis and difficulty in hearing, insomnia and lots of dreams, irritable heat with red  cheeks,  palpitation and angry easily, achy loin and spermatorrhea.

頭昏目眩,頭重足輕,耳鳴耳聾,少寐多夢,煩 熱顴赤,心悸 易怒,腰痠 遺精 。

tight, thin, rapid

弦細數

bright and red

光紅

Back to TCM diagnostics : The Eight Outline 八綱辨證

如對翻譯 有意見,請電郵 bobbiechu @ yahoo.com

Source:  資料來源台北市,北投區,國立中國中藥研究所

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