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zhi shi 枳 實

zhi ke 枳 殼

by: Joe Hing Kwok Chu

zhi shi is the immature fruit of citrus aurantium and other

varieties, while zhi ke is the mature fruit.

　
Pharmaceutical name:Fructus Immaturus Citri Aurantii (zhi shi 枳 實)

Fructus Citri Aurantii (zhi ke 枳 殼)

Latin botanical name:Citrus aurantium L.

C. wilsonii Tanaka

C. Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Rafin.

Pron. in Japanese:kijitsu
Pron. in Korean:chisil
Pron. in Cantonese:ji shat
Common Name:zhi shi: immature fruit of bitter orange

zhi ke: mature fruit of bitter orange

Distribution:Jiangxi, Sichuan, Hubei, Guizhou
Properties (characteristics)bitter, sour, acrid, slightly cold, non-toxic

苦、 酸、辛 、微寒無毒。

Channels  entered:

歸經:

zhi shi enters spleen, stomach, and large intestine channels.

zhi ke enters stomach and large intestine channels.

枳 實入脾、胃、大腸三經。

枳 殼入脾、胃、 二 經。

Actions & Indications:

Indigestion due to low function,  bloating in abdomen and solar plexus constipation, diarrhea but difficult to expelfocal distention and fullness in the chest cough with abundance of phlegm prolapse of stomach, uterus and rectum.

氣滯食積、胸腹、脘腹脹滿、大便秘結、瀉痢不暢、裏急後重、胸痹結胸、痰多咳嗽、風痰眩暈、痰濕內阻、寒凝氣滯、胃下垂、陰挺脫肛、子宮脫垂。

Medical Function:

(1) Raises blood pressure

(2) Improves the strength of contraction and tension of the uterus

(3) Diuretic

(4) Stimulates the smooth muscle of the digestive tract

(1)升血壓作用
(2)能使子宮收縮有力，提高緊張性
(3)利尿
(4)對胃腸平滑肌有興奮作用

Chemical ingredients:TO BE LOADED
Dosage:

Usual dosage is 3 to 10 g. Large dosage can be up to 15 g.

常用量3∼10克，大劑量可用至15克。

Samples of formulae:

zhi shi da huang tang ( Jing Yue Xin Fang):

jiang huo 6 g, dang gui 4 g , zhi shi 2 g,

da huang 12 g (prepared with wine)

for edema in ankles and feet.

　

da cheng qi tang (Shang Han Lun):

da huang 16g, hou po 3g, zhi shi 8g,

mang xiao 6g.

for constipation with sensitive abdomen area dislike of applied pressure, fever with not chills, hallucination, dry and yellow tongue, sweating,  strong and deep pulse, heat in all three warmers.

治濕滯腳氣﹕枳實大黃湯 (景岳新方)﹐羌活, 錢半. 當歸, 一錢. 枳實, 五分. 大黃酒煨, 三錢. 水一鍾半, 煎八分. 食前空心溫服, 以利為度. ( 錢=3.75 克)

峻下熱結﹕大承氣湯(傷寒論)﹐大黃 16 g、厚朴 3 g、枳實 8 g、芒硝 6 g.

Modern Application:being used in shocks.

用於休克

Cautions:do not use in case of qi deficiency, spleen and stomach deficiency (weak digestion ) or during pregnancy.

氣虛，脾胃虛弱及孕婦慎服。

Last update: Nov15, 2003, 6:50 p.m. RC

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