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哺乳困難的解決問題

1) 預防乳房(副乳)外側脹痛方法?

答:有!除正確保健方法外,一天內10次左右的各種吮乳姿勢中,有2-3次哺乳姿勢可採用新生嬰兒臥左側吮吸右乳頭,臥右側吮吸左乳頭。

2) 乳汁淤積、乳房脹痛時服鹿角粉效果,對嗎?

答:錯誤!因鹿角粉會使泌乳功能降低,泌乳量減少,使人誤認為脹痛減輕有效。因此,服用鹿角粉會影響純母乳喂養率。

3) 乳房脹痛時初產婦應減少含水分多的食品,對嗎?

答:不准確!否則易造成初乳汁濃稠度增高,更不易將乳汁吸排出。分娩後三天內應多喝水,少食高脂肪、高蛋白食品,這樣有利於新生兒吮吸出初乳汁,促進泌乳量增多。

3. should the new mother drink less liquid if the breasts are full and painful?

Answer: No. Drinking less water will make the milk thicker and more difficult to suck out. Three days after giving birth, you should drink more water and eat less fatty food and less high protein food; so that the new baby can easily suck out the milk and enhance the milk production.

4) 遇乳汁淤積症時,可以使用吸力大的吸奶器嗎?

答;不准確!剛分娩初產婦乳頭的承受負壓吸力有限,圓形橡皮球吸奶器設計比較合適,不宜使用抽拉式等負吸力大的吸奶器,否則易造成乳頭疼痛、水腫、皸裂、出血、感染,吸力過大反而使乳腺管緊閉。
 4. When milk accumulates, should I use a strong suction pump?

Answer: Not accurate. Newly giving birth, the toleration of the nipples for negative suction is limited. It is better to use the round rubber pump. It is not suitable to use negative suction type of machine otherwise it can cause pain, edema, cracks, bleeding, infection in the nipples. Overly strong suction and cause the milk duct tightly closed.
 

5) 嬰兒吮吸不出初乳時,依靠吸奶器解決?

答;不准確!世上最佳吸奶器乃嬰兒的小嘴,嬰兒吮吸不出乳汁時,各種吸奶器較難解決。建議採用合適的理療方法對乳房進行及時的保健,暢通閉塞的乳腺管,達到“噴奶”效果。

5. Should I use suction equipments when the baby cannot suck out milk?

Answers: Incorrect. The best suction equipments in the world are the little mouths of the babies. When the baby cannot suck out milk, different types of suction equipments cannot solve the problem. We suggest that you should keep the breast, healthy, make the ducts clear and achieve  the "spraying milk" result.

6) 敷草藥、皮硝等方法可治療乳汁淤積乳腺炎嗎?

答:不理想!此療法會抑制腦垂體催乳激素分泌,使泌乳功能下降。泌乳量減少的確能減輕些痛苦,但未能理想疏通乳腺管,會貽誤關鍵時間,易繼發乳腺炎膿腫、少乳、過早斷奶等嚴重後果。
 

6. Can I apply herb or sodium sulfate to treat milk stagnation and mastitis?

Answer: not ideal.   This will inhibit prolactin of the pituitary and cause the decrease of milk production. The decrease of milk production can in fact lessen the pain but cannot ideally clear the milk ducts. It may miss the critical time and cause serious result of mastitis, swelling with pus, lack of milk and stopping lactating too early,
 

7) 按摩擠捏能解決乳汁淤積脹痛嗎?
答:不理想!在新生嬰兒吮吸乳頭的同時可用手指輕柔乳房脹痛部位,如用力過大易損傷乳腺組織,發生皮膚破損、乳房內淤血腫,加重乳房乳汁淤積脹痛程度。
 

7. Can massaging, squeezing solve the swelling and pain due to milk stagnation?

Answer: Not ideal. When the new born baby is sucking, use your finger lightly massage the area that are swollen and painful.
8) 為什麼許多催乳藥物或食物沒有明顯效果?

答:是的!要使乳腺充分發揮泌乳功能的關鍵是乳腺管完全暢通。如果乳腺管未完全暢通,就會抑制腦垂體催乳激素的分泌。絕大多數催乳藥物或食物都能激發乳腺細胞分泌乳汁。但導管不暢通,過量泌乳又會使乳汁淤積症狀更為嚴重,反過來使腦垂體催乳激素受到更大的抑制。因此,在乳腺導管沒有完全疏通之前,任何催乳藥物都會加重病症,增加產婦痛苦。同時,由於高脂肪、高蛋白飲食,會使產婦營養過剩,體形發胖。

9) 催奶應具備怎樣的基礎條件?

答:暢通!遇少乳症時,如乳腺管未完全暢通,無“噴奶”現象,處於流滴狀態時就催奶,易發生乳汁似淤積症和乳腺炎。應先對乳房進行理療保健,使乳腺管達到完全暢通,能“擠噴奶水”200毫米以上再進行催奶。


10) 擠奶方法可隨意操作?

答:不行!應先用溫熱清潔水輕擦乳房,徹底清洗雙手。擠奶准確方法是大拇指、食指、中指輕輕擠捏乳暈外緣擠奶,無名指、小指將乳房由下往上抬壓。以上須熟練操作,上班族媽媽每天可以擠8次左右,將乳汁帶回家。如果“噴奶”效果不理想,應先對乳房進行理療保健,疏通經絡,鬆弛暢通乳腺管後再操作。

11) 乳頭皸裂疼痛可涂奶水解決?

答:不理想!每次哺乳結束後,應直接涂上兒童魚肝油(貝特靈膠囊、或伊可欣膠囊)蓋上無菌紙巾或紗布,佩帶哺乳文胸。再次哺乳時不需要完全擦淨魚肝油,可按常規方法用熱毛巾清洗乳房,請不要用熱毛巾擦洗乳頭,否則易感染細菌,繼發乳頭炎。

12) 熱敷乳房溫度要偏“燙”些嗎?

答:不准確!適宜的熱敷溫度應不超過45度,否則易造成乳房、乳頭燙傷,嚴重者會導致表皮紅腫起水泡感染,同時,偏“燙”反而引起初產婦精神緊張,更不利於乳汁吮吸排出。

13) 新生嬰兒吮吸力小由其父親代為吮吸可以嗎?

答:錯誤!新生嬰兒吮吸力與母乳頭承受力相配,成人吸力過大,母乳頭易發生損傷、水腫和感染,而且也不會產生新生嬰兒吮吸那樣的反射,不利於催乳激素分泌。

14) 吸出母乳灌入奶瓶喂新生嬰兒可以嗎?

答:錯誤!這樣做會形成新生嬰兒吮吸橡皮奶頭的習慣性,造成吮吸母乳頭無力或拒吮,催乳激素分泌降低,泌乳量減少。而且吸出的乳汁易受污染,有害嬰兒健康。上班族媽媽例外,但應把每天擠出的乳汁放到冰箱冷凍室內低溫保存,第二天可用熱水將冰涼的乳汁“燙”熱,喂給嬰兒。


來源:寧波市母乳喂養協會 日期: 2007-6-2

http://www.breastfeeding.cn/news/?cid=71&id=174

Compiled by: Joe Hing Kwok Chu

 

A manuscript... writing, translating and proofreading  in progress

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Last update: Feb 4, 2009; 10:30 a.m. LAH