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xiang yuan 香櫞

 

by: Joe Hing kwok Chu                按此看中文    (in English and Chinese 中英文)

Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Fructus citri

Botanical name:

拉丁生物學名﹕

Citrus medica L.Citrus wilsonii Tanaka

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

 koen

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音﹕

hyang yeon

Pron. in Cantonese::

粵音﹕

heong1 jyun4

Other Names:

別名﹕

枸櫞,鉤緣干,香泡樹,香櫞柑枸櫞,香圓。

Common Name:

英文名﹕

 

Distribution:

產地﹕

Being cultivated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Anhui, Jiangxi provinces of China.

江蘇,浙江,福建,台灣,湖北,湖南,廣東,廣西,四川,雲南陝西,安徽,江西,等地有栽培。

Properties

characteristics﹕

性味﹕

acrid, bitter, sweet, warm.

辛,苦,甘,溫。

Channels meridians entered:

 

歸經﹕

liver, spleen, lung.

肝,脾,肺。

Medical functions:

藥理﹕

 

Anti=histamine

Anti-virus

抗炎

抗病毒

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

For treatment of stomach pain, flatulence, cough with thick or clear mucus, qi stagnation, spitting out undigested food, lack of appetite.

治胃痛脹滿,痰飲咳嗽 氣滯,嘔噦少食。

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕[2]

枸櫞成熟果實含橙皮甙(hesperidin),枸櫞酸(citric acid),蘋果酸(malic acid),果膠,鞣質及維生素C等。果實含油0.3%-0.7%,果皮含油6.5%-9%,油中含有乙酸牻牛兒醉酯(geranyl acetate),乙酸芳樟醇酯(linalyl acetate),右旋檸檬烯(limonene),檸檬醛(citral),水芹烯(phellandrene),檸檬油素(citropten)等。幼果中含琥珀酸(succinic acid)。種子含黃柏酮(obacunone),黃柏內酯(obaculac-tone)。果實中還含β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol),胡蘿卜甙(daucosterol)和三萜苦味素:枸櫞苦素(citrusin)。

2.香圓果皮中含胡蘿卜素類成分:堇黃質(violaxanthin),葉黃素環氧化物(lutein epoxide),輕基-a-胡蘿卜素(hy-droxy-a-carotene),新黃質(neoxanthin),β-阿扑-8-胡蘿卜醛(β- apo-8-carotenal),β-胡蘿卜素氧化物(mutatochrome),η-胡蘿卜素(η-carotene),異堇黃質(auroxanthin),黃體呋喃素(luteoxan-thin),玉米黃質(mutatoxanthin),隱黃素(cryptoflavin),六氫番茄烴(phytofluene)以及多量的維生素A活性物質。幼果含生物鹼:辛弗林(syephine),N-甲基酪胺(N-methyltyramine)。葉含揮發油43%,其中主成分為γ-鬆油烯(γ-terpiene),對-聚傘花素(p-cymene),檸檬烯(limonene)和橙花醛(neral),還含a-及β-獲烯(pinene),月桂烯(myrcene),a-水芹烯(a- phellandrene),羅勒烯(ocimene),異鬆油烯(terpinolene),香茅醛(citronellal),香茅酸(citronellol),癸醛(decanal),芳樟醇(linalool),4-鬆油醇(4-terpineol),壬酸(nonanol),a-鬆油醇(a-ter-pieol),牻牛兒醛(geranial),橙花醇(nerol),乙酸牻牛兒醇酯(geranyl acetate),牻牛兒醇(geraniol),衣蘭烯(ylangene),丁香。烯(caryophyllene)以及樟烯(camphene),3-蒈烯(△3-carene),辛醛(octanal),庚醛(heptanal)。

Daly Dosage:

每日用量﹕

3 - 9 g

3~9克

Samples of formulae:

處方舉例﹕

For treatment of ascites or flatulence: aged xiang yuan 1 piece (whole), large walnut meat 2 pieces, sha ren 6 g. Bake till crispy. Make into powder individually. Mix with little sugar. Take orally with empty stomach.

 治鼓脹:陳香櫞一枚(連瓤),大核桃肉二枚(連皮),砂仁二錢(去膜)。各煅存性為散,砂糖拌調。空心頓服。(《本經逢原》

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

The fruit juice and juiceless fruit pulp extract have shown broad antimicrobial activity while root extract was very effective against some tested microorganisms. [1] 

Toxicity & Cautions:

毒素與禁忌﹕

Use with care in cases of yinxu (yin deficient) with heat in blood and during pregnancy with qi deficient.   

陰虛血熱及孕婦氣虛者慎服。

Ref.: China Medical Dictionary 《資料來源:中國藥典》

[1] 10.5530/pj.2011.21.15

[2] 《Zhong Hua Ben Cao 中華本草 》

A manuscript... writing, translating and proofreading  in         progress

 

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Last update: Jan 15, 2012; 10:33 a.m. LAH