Pharmaceutical name: 英文藥名﹕ | Fructus citri |
Botanical name: 拉丁生物學名﹕ | Citrus medica L. ;Citrus wilsonii Tanaka |
Pron. in Japanese: 日語發音﹕ | koen |
Pron. in Korean: 韓語發音﹕ | hyang yeon |
Pron. in Cantonese:: 粵音﹕ | heong1 jyun4 |
Other Names: 別名﹕ | 枸櫞,鉤緣干,香泡樹,香櫞柑枸櫞,香圓。 |
Common Name: 英文名﹕ | |
Distribution: 產地﹕ | Being cultivated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Anhui, Jiangxi provinces of China. 江蘇,浙江,福建,台灣,湖北,湖南,廣東,廣西,四川,雲南,陝西,安徽,江西,等地有栽培。 |
Properties characteristics﹕ 性味﹕ | acrid, bitter, sweet, warm. 辛,苦,甘,溫。 |
Channels meridians entered: 歸經﹕ | liver, spleen, lung. 肝,脾,肺。 |
| Medical functions: 藥理﹕ | Anti=histamine Anti-virus 抗炎 抗病毒 |
Actions & Indications: 主治﹕ | For treatment of stomach pain, flatulence, cough with thick or clear mucus, qi stagnation, spitting out undigested food, lack of appetite. 治胃痛脹滿,痰飲咳嗽, 氣滯,嘔噦少食。 |
Chemical ingredients: 化學成份﹕[2] | 枸櫞成熟果實含橙皮甙(hesperidin),枸櫞酸(citric acid),蘋果酸(malic acid),果膠,鞣質及維生素C等。果實含油0.3%-0.7%,果皮含油6.5%-9%,油中含有乙酸牻牛兒醉酯(geranyl acetate),乙酸芳樟醇酯(linalyl acetate),右旋檸檬烯(limonene),檸檬醛(citral),水芹烯(phellandrene),檸檬油素(citropten)等。幼果中含琥珀酸(succinic acid)。種子含黃柏酮(obacunone),黃柏內酯(obaculac-tone)。果實中還含β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol),胡蘿卜甙(daucosterol)和三萜苦味素:枸櫞苦素(citrusin)。 2.香圓果皮中含胡蘿卜素類成分:堇黃質(violaxanthin),葉黃素環氧化物(lutein epoxide),輕基-a-胡蘿卜素(hy-droxy-a-carotene),新黃質(neoxanthin),β-阿扑-8-胡蘿卜醛(β- apo-8-carotenal),β-胡蘿卜素氧化物(mutatochrome),η-胡蘿卜素(η-carotene),異堇黃質(auroxanthin),黃體呋喃素(luteoxan-thin),玉米黃質(mutatoxanthin),隱黃素(cryptoflavin),六氫番茄烴(phytofluene)以及多量的維生素A活性物質。幼果含生物鹼:辛弗林(syephine),N-甲基酪胺(N-methyltyramine)。葉含揮發油43%,其中主成分為γ-鬆油烯(γ-terpiene),對-聚傘花素(p-cymene),檸檬烯(limonene)和橙花醛(neral),還含a-及β-獲烯(pinene),月桂烯(myrcene),a-水芹烯(a- phellandrene),羅勒烯(ocimene),異鬆油烯(terpinolene),香茅醛(citronellal),香茅酸(citronellol),癸醛(decanal),芳樟醇(linalool),4-鬆油醇(4-terpineol),壬酸(nonanol),a-鬆油醇(a-ter-pieol),牻牛兒醛(geranial),橙花醇(nerol),乙酸牻牛兒醇酯(geranyl acetate),牻牛兒醇(geraniol),衣蘭烯(ylangene),丁香。烯(caryophyllene)以及樟烯(camphene),3-蒈烯(△3-carene),辛醛(octanal),庚醛(heptanal)。 |
Daly Dosage: 每日用量﹕ | 3 - 9 g 3~9克 |
Samples of formulae: 處方舉例﹕ | For treatment of ascites or flatulence: aged xiang yuan 1 piece (whole), large walnut meat 2 pieces, sha ren 6 g. Bake till crispy. Make into powder individually. Mix with little sugar. Take orally with empty stomach. 治鼓脹:陳香櫞一枚(連瓤),大核桃肉二枚(連皮),砂仁二錢(去膜)。各煅存性為散,砂糖拌調。空心頓服。(《本經逢原》 |
Modern Research: 現代研究﹕ | The fruit juice and juiceless fruit pulp extract have shown broad antimicrobial activity while root extract was very effective against some tested microorganisms. [1] |
Toxicity & Cautions: 毒素與禁忌﹕ | Use with care in cases of yinxu (yin deficient) with heat in blood and during pregnancy with qi deficient. 陰虛血熱者及孕婦氣虛者慎服。 |