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shu shu 樹薯mu shu  木薯, shu fan shu 樹番薯

by: Joe Hing kwok Chu

Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名 :

Folium Manihot esculentae

Folium Manihot utilissimae

Radix Manihot esculentae

Radix Manihot utilissimae

Botanical name:

學名﹕

Manihot esculenta Crantz; (甜木薯)

Manihot utilissima Pohl.(苦木薯)

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

imonoki イモノキ(芋の木)

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音﹕

카사바 (casava)

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵音﹕

syu6 faan1 syu5

Other Names:

別名﹕

mu shu 木薯、shu fan shu 樹蕃薯、fan shu shu蕃薯樹、shi yong shu shu食用樹薯、chou shu 臭薯、ge shu 葛薯

cassava, yuca, mandioca, manioc, tapioca.

Common Name:

外文名﹕

English: tapioca (originally used by the Brazilian Indians); cassava;  manioc (root)

Malay/Indonesian: ubi kayu

Indonesian: ubi kayu, singkong.

Spanish: yuca

Distribution:

產地﹕

Africa, Southern China, South and Southeast Asia, and South America..

非洲,中國南 部,東南亞,亞洲南部,南美洲。

Properties

(characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

bitter, cold, toxic.

苦,寒,有毒。

Channels (meridians) entered:

 

歸經﹕

heart

Medical functions:

藥理﹕

 

 

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

In folk medicine: the root of the bitter variety (Manihot utilissima Pohl.) is used to treat diarrhea, malaria. and in Cuba it is also used for irritable bowel syndrome.
The leaves are used to treat hypertension, headache, and pain.
木薯尤其是苦木薯(Manihot utilissima Pohl.) 民間用於治服瀉,
瘧疾。在古巴民 間用於治腸道過敏症候群。葉用來治血壓高 ,頭痛其他痛症。

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

 

Dosage:

用量﹕

Leaves for decoction taken orally: 3 ~ 6 g.

External application: use appropriate amount of leaves. Smash and apply or make into powder.

葉,煎湯口服:3~6克。 外用:葉,適量。搗爛敷患 處。

Samples of formulae:

處方舉例﹕

 

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

Cassava fermentation and bioconversion.

Toxicity & Cautions:

毒素與禁忌﹕

There are 2 varieties of this plant. The sweet variety, Manihot esculenta contains a lower level of cyanic acid and its skin of the root is light green. The bitter variety, Manihot utilissima, contains more cyanic acid and its skin of the root is brown. In the root, the skin contain the most amount of hydrocyanic acid. The skin should be removed before cooking. The poison is the hydrocyanic acid produced by hydrolizing the chemical ingredients of linamarin and lnamarase. Before the root is fully cooked or the cyanic acid has not been destroy, the toxin may turns into hydrogen cyanide.

The symptoms can be nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness and in serious cases the patient can die from respiratory failure.  It can also cause the swelling of the thyroids, damage the optic nerve and the motor nerve.

The tubers of Manihot utilissima can not be safely stored even storing in cool place. Characteristics of damage of the tubers is the discharge of some dark blue color. It is due to formation of cyanide that is toxic to humans.

木薯品種有甜木薯(Manihot esculenta )苦木薯(Manihot utilissima) 兩種,甜木薯種的塊根含較低的氰酸,表皮呈淡青色;苦木薯 的塊根含多量的氰酸,表皮呈褐色,兩者不難區別。塊根又以皮層 含氫氰酸最高,因此,木薯要先剝去外皮,煮熟後才能食用。木薯中毒系由其所含亞麻苦 (linamarin) 及亞麻苦苷酶 (linamarase) 水解後析出游離的氫氰酸(hydrocyanic acid)所 致。塊根未煮熟或氰酸(cyanic acid)未完全分解前就拿來食用,內含的毒素會轉化為氰化氫 (hydrogen cyanide)

中毒症状:輕者噁心、嘔吐、下痢、昏眩;嚴重者呼吸衰竭而死亡。還可引起甲狀腺腫,並會傷 害視神經和運動神經等。[1]

苦木薯不能安全地存儲,即使在​​陰涼處存放。塊莖損傷的特點是一些深藍色的排出物。這是 由於氰化物的形成,是對人體有毒。

 [1]陳 冀勝、鄭碩、吳征鎰 中國有毒植物 地景企業公司出版

 

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